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Through
the creation of Shinto, different variations
of the religion were created. The ancient form
of Shinto existed even before Buddhism was introduced
into Japan, with other variations of it created
later on. In the Meiji period in 1868 Japan
opened up to Western civilization and the government
of Japan forced Shinto and Buddhism to separate
as they had interwoven themselves during the
time of Buddhism's entry into the country. It
was said that bonzes of Buddhism could no longer
celebrate in Shinto temples, as well as that
Buddhist texts could not be read there. The
different forms that began to grow were: Shinto
of the Imperial House, Shinto of the Temples,
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During
World War II Shinto had a definite
impact.
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Shinto of the Sects, and Popular Shinto. Shinto
of the Imperial House concerns the worship of
the Sun goddess, Amerterasu o Mikami in a religious
cult that was formally public but now private.
Shinto of the Temples is what is known as State
Shinto, which was created in the beginning of
the Meiji era and lasted until the end of World
War II. It was meant "to strengthen the Japanese
identity and devotion to the Emperor (Malherbe).
State Shinto was later disestablished and replaced
after WWII by Jinja
Shinto, or Shrine Shinto, which now represents,
"the bulk of Shinto shrines at the regional
and local levels." It was after Japan's defeat
in 1945 that Emperor Hiro-Hito felt that the attachment
to his people did not depend on the belief, and
thus stopped government funding to Shinto temples
(Malherbe). Shinto of the Sects was the result
of different movements in the religion and expanded
enormously as popular cults such as Tenrikyo,
Konokyo and Kurozumikyo (What is Shinto in Brief).
One of the final forms of Shinto is Popular Shinto,
which is an imprecise version that sometimes has
magic practices.
By
having Shinto based as part of the government
Shinto was one of the unifying forces during World
War II. It was a war that affected almost every
country on earth, and played a larger role than
any other religion during the time. State Shinto
was considered a patriotic ritual for all Japanese,
and also brought about the spread of other religions.
No one can deny the impact of war on the world,
and by becoming an official religion of the government
Shinto gained by becoming more respectable. Japan's
defeat of course lead to its disestablishment
and was replaced, but Shinto organization revitalized
their movements and hundreds of new religious
dominations spring up based on the fundamental
teaching and practices of Shinto and Buddhism
(What is Shinto in Brief). In this way Shinto
came to affect many more religions and people,
without specifically gaining members.
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